Note: The following section shows the report generated by the least squares adjustment of the GPS network. The 3D adjustment model MUST be used when processing GPS vectors. Explanations of the report are included in the report section and are in bold text.
=============================== LEAST SQUARES ADJUSTMENT REPORT =============================== Wed Oct 12 10:59:00 3D Geodetic Model. Input Raw Files: C:\Carlson Projects\gpsonly\control.cgr C:\Carlson Projects\gpsonly\chapt16.gps Output File: C:\Carlson Projects\gpsonly\gpsOnly.RPT Traverse File: C:\Carlson Projects\gpsonly\gpsLoops.cls Curvature, refraction correction: OFF Maximum iterations: 10 , Convergence Limit: 0.002000 1983 State Plane Coordinates, zone:Wisconsin South - 4803 Horizontal Units: Meters Confidence Interval: 95.00 Geoid Height computed from geoid grid files using the GEOID99 model. Default Standard Errors: Distance: Constant 0.010 ,PPM: 5.000 Horiz. Angle: Pointing 10.0" ,Reading: 3.0" Vert. Angle: Pointing 3.0" ,Reading: 3.0" Total Station: Centering 0.005 ,Height: 0.010 Target: Centering 0.010 ,Height: 0.010 Azimuth: 5" Coordinate Control: N:0.001, E:0.001, Z:0.030, GPS: Centering:0.003, Vector Err. Factor:7.0 3-DIMENSIONAL ADJUSTMENT REPORT ===============================
The following section shows the unadjusted measurements that make up the network. The control coordinates are displayed first followed by the GPS vectors. The control coordinates are displayed as latitude/longitude, SPC Grid XYZ, and geocentric XYZ. If geoid modeling is set both ellipsoid and orthometric elevations are displayed, ellipsoid elevation in the latitude/longitude section and orthometric elevation in the SPC section. The GPS vector section shows the unadjusted delta XYZ, variances and covariances of the vectors.
Unadjusted Observations ======================= Control Coordinates: 0 Observed Points, 2 Fixed Points, 0 Approx. Points Sta. Latitude Longitude Z (Ellip.) StErr N: StErr E: StErr Z:NE A 43-15'46.28901"N 89-59'42.16399"W 1348.23 FIXED FIXED FIXED B 43-23'46.36261"N 89-54'00.75701"W 1200.63 FIXED FIXED FIXED Grid XYZ Sta. N: E: Z (Geoid): StErr N: StErr E: StErr Z: A 140291.2060 600402.2380 1382.62 FIXED FIXED FIXED B 155110.5390 608083.9250 1235.46 FIXED FIXED FIXED Geocentric XYZ Sta. X: Y: Z: StErr X(m): StErr Y(m): StErr Z(m): A 402.3489 -4652970.2600 4349737.2110 FIXED FIXED FIXED B 8085.9876 -4642687.5392 4360415.1538 FIXED FIXED FIXED
The GPS vectors are shown (Delta X, Delta Y and Delta Z values). Also shown are the bearing, horizontal distance and vertical difference of each vector:
GPS Vectors: 13 Observations (Meters) Multiplication factor applied to Variance and Covariance values: 128 (2 to 7 power) From Sta. Delta X Variance Delta X Covariance XY Bearing To Sta. Delta Y Variance Delta Y Covariance XZ H.Distance Delta Z Variance Delta Z Covariance YZ V.Distance A 11644.223 0.126 -0.001226 N 67-00'00.4"E C 3601.217 0.12 0.001219 12650.1512 3399.255 0.1258 -0.001219 -292.0672 A -5321.716 0.02764 -0.0002688 N 47-56'12.9"W E 3634.075 0.02458 0.0002765 7167.7644 3173.665 0.02568 -0.0002688 -471.6711 B 3960.544 0.02952 -0.0002854 S 21-46'39.9"E C -6681.247 0.03261 0.000265 10643.7341 -7279.015 0.02884 -0.0002854 -141.2376 B -11167.608 0.03458 -0.000352 S 85-18'14.1"W D -394.520 0.03485 0.0003648 11205.8960 -907.959 0.03419 -0.0003482 -351.2707 D 15128.165 0.01872 -0.000183 S 59-25'16.9"E C -6286.705 0.02068 0.0001715 17576.6958 -6371.058 0.01676 -0.0001843 184.8828 D -1837.746 0.01577 -0.0001523 S 11-24'12.6"W E -6253.853 0.01636 0.0001562 9273.8256 -6596.670 0.01644 -0.0001549 14.2116 F -1116.452 0.009586 -0.0001011 S 10-01'41.1"W A -4596.161 0.008457 0.0001126 6420.1982 -4355.906 0.009766 -0.0001037 355.1552 F 10527.785 0.03288 -0.000288 S 82-31'36.9"E C -994.938 0.0277 0.0003072 10617.6451 -956.625 0.0307 -0.0002906 70.0452 F -6438.136 0.0121 -0.0001178 S 76-43'39.1"W E -962.069 0.01277 0.0001331 6615.1455 -1182.230 0.01132 -0.0001139 -112.6820 F -4600.379 0.01196 -0.0001267 N 31-16'31.7"W D 5291.779 0.01266 0.0001152 8857.9833 5414.431 0.01543 -0.0001267 -136.3798 F 6567.231 0.008521 -8.32E-005 N 37-41'59.1"E B 5686.293 0.009573 8.832E-005 10742.1697 6322.392 0.007759 -8.192E-005 202.1754 B -6567.231 0.007073 -8.064E-005 S 37-45'19.5"W F -5686.303 0.009582 7.808E-005 10741.8133 -6322.381 0.008503 -8.064E-005 -220.2601 A 1116.458 0.00849 -0.0001024 N 10-01'07.3"E F 4596.155 0.0104 0.0001152 6419.8396 4355.914 0.01202 -0.000105 -361.6188
The optional Traverse Closure shows the GPS loop closures for the GPS loops defined in the closure file.
Traverse Closures ================= GPS Loop Points: A,E,F,A GPS Loop Closure; Misclosure, X: -0.0323 Y: -0.0162 Z: -0.0105 Closure error: 0.0376 Perimeter: 20229.3858 Precision: 1: 537594 GPS Loop Points: C,F,D,B,C GPS Loop Closure; Misclosure, X: -0.0121 Y: -0.0101 Z: 0.0002 Closure error: 0.0158 Perimeter: 41332.9807 Precision: 1: 2622216 GPS Loop Points: F,D,B,F GPS Loop Closure; Misclosure, X: -0.0022 Y: -0.0044 Z: 0.0097 Closure error: 0.0109 Perimeter: 30814.5047 Precision: 1: 2833226
Following are the final adjusted coordinates. Included in the report are point grid factor, elev. factor and the combined factor. Following the adjusted coordinates are the error ellipses, followed by the adjusted measurements section.
Adjusted Geographic Coordinates Sta. Latitude Longitude Z (Ellip.) Conv. Ang. Grid Factor Z Factor Combined Factor C 43-18'26.10221"N 89-51'05.56799"W 1068.43 000-06'07.2" 0.99993389 0.99983235 0.99976625 E 43-18'21.80297"N 90-03'38.24477"W 880.40 -000-02'30.0" 0.99993392 0.99986185 0.99979578 D 43-23'16.34105"N 90-02'16.89840"W 859.36 -000-01'34.1" 0.99993257 0.99986515 0.99979774 F 43-19'11.10720"N 89-58'52.60718"W 989.61 000-00'46.3" 0.99993355 0.99984472 0.99977828 Average Combined Scale Factor: 0.99978451 Adjusted Grid Coordinates, (Meters) Sta. N: E: Z (Geoid): StErr N: StErr E: StErr Z: DN DE DZ C 145233.5291 612043.7357 1103.09 0.0962 0.0972 0.0973 E 145091.9273 595081.6287 914.80 0.0831 0.0837 0.0840 D 154179.9652 596918.9980 894.01 0.0812 0.0791 0.0819 F 146611.7765 601518.4253 1024.16 0.0447 0.0427 0.0452 Adjusted Geocentric Coordinates, (Metric) Sta. X: Y: Z: StErr X(m): StErr Y(m): StErr Z(m): C 12046.5393 -4649368.8693 4353136.26 0.0962 0.0966 0.0979 E -4919.3737 -4649336.0614 4352910.73 0.0831 0.0833 0.0844 D -3081.6241 -4643082.1683 4359507.34 0.0812 0.0801 0.0810 F 1518.7615 -4648373.9615 4354092.93 0.0447 0.0437 0.0442 Adjusted Grid Coordinates (N,E) Error Ellipses, 95% CI Sta. Semi Major Semi Minor Max. Error Az. Elev. Axis Axis C 0.2380 0.2355 N 89-13'58.4"E 0.1919 E 0.2050 0.2033 N 86-52'01.5"E 0.1655 D 0.1989 0.1937 N 00-18'30.1"E 0.1588 F 0.1094 0.1046 N 00-33'33.6"E 0.0867
The adjusted observations are shown:
Adjusted Observations ===================== GPS Vectors: 13 Observations (Meters) From Sta. Delta X Residual StdRes StdDev To Sta. Delta Y Residual StdRes StdDev Delta Z Residual StdRes StdDev A 11644.3130 0.0898 0.3 0.0972 C 3601.4692 0.2527 0.7 0.0962 3399.2263 -0.0287 0.1 0.0973 A -5321.6362 0.0802 0.5 0.0837 E 3634.2495 0.1741 1.1 0.0831 3173.6413 -0.0239 0.1 0.0840 B 3960.4857 -0.0585 0.3 0.0972 C -6681.3803 -0.1336 0.7 0.0962 -7278.9822 0.0326 0.2 0.0973 B -11167.6912 -0.0836 0.4 0.0791 D -394.6781 -0.1577 0.8 0.0812 -907.9287 0.0306 0.2 0.0819 D 15128.1635 -0.0012 0.0 0.0989 C -6286.7011 0.0043 0.0 0.0981 -6371.0766 -0.0183 0.1 0.0993 D -1837.7496 -0.0037 0.0 0.0883 E -6253.8932 -0.0398 0.3 0.0892 -6596.6118 0.0579 0.5 0.0900 F -1116.4126 0.0397 0.4 0.0427 A -4596.2985 -0.1375 1.5 0.0447 -4355.7192 0.1870 1.9 0.0452 F 10527.7779 -0.0073 0.0 0.0966 C -994.9079 0.0298 0.2 0.0954 -956.6675 -0.0429 0.2 0.0964 F -6438.1351 0.0013 0.0 0.0795 E -962.1000 -0.0306 0.3 0.0789 -1182.2028 0.0277 0.3 0.0797 F -4600.3856 -0.0069 0.1 0.0749 D 5291.7932 0.0147 0.1 0.0773 5414.4090 -0.0221 0.2 0.0779 F 6567.2261 -0.0050 0.1 0.0427 B 5686.4222 0.1296 1.3 0.0447 6322.2236 -0.1681 1.9 0.0452 B -6567.2263 0.0048 0.1 0.0427 F -5686.4224 -0.1191 1.2 0.0447 -6322.2237 0.1570 1.7 0.0452 A 1116.4126 -0.0451 0.5 0.0427 F 4596.2983 0.1430 1.4 0.0447 4355.7191 -0.1950 1.8 0.0452
The final section displays a variety statistical measures, followed by sideshots if there are any. Side shots would be a point that has only a single GPS vector going to or from the point.
Statistics ========== Solution converged in 2 iterations Total Observations:39 Total Unknowns:12 Degrees of Freedom:27 Observation Count Sum Squares Std. Error of StdRes of Unit Wt. Vectors: 39 25.231 0.967 Total: 39 25.231 0.967 Reference Variance:0.934 Standard Error Unit Weight: (+/-)0.967 Passed the Chi-Square test at the 95.00 significance level 14.573 <= 24.955 <= 43.195 All confidence regions were computed using the following factors: Variance factor: 1.0000 1-D Expansion Factor: 1.9600 2-D Expansion Factor: 2.4477 Expansion factors for 95.00 confidence regions taken from normal distribution table Sideshots =========