Fence Diagram
Function
Fence Diagram produces a profile of the surface and strata along the
selected baseline polyline--a geological cross-section.
This command is somewhat similar to the command Profile from Surface
Model. Fence diagrams are a good way to verify that the strata model is
correct-especially when the drillholes are plotted on them with Draw
Geologic Column. The first step is to draw a baseline polyline in plan
view from
which the fence diagram is created. This polyline can have more than
two points and can either go to drillholes or between them. The Fence
Diagram can either be drawn on a 2D grid off to the side, or in 3D, and
rotated around in 3D. Fence Diagram
derives the strata profiles by either gridding, a Precalculated Grids
file, or intersection method. There are many options for scale,
hatching and labeling. They are explained separately below.
- Draw Fence Diagram: In Real
World Coordinates or On a 2-D Grid: There are two options for
choosing the location of the fence diagram. It can be drawn in real
world coordinates in 3D, directly below the fence line drawn in plan
view. It will have to be rotated on the X axis and spun around on the Z
axis to see it. The other option is to draw it off to the side at a
user defined spot, in a 2D grid. Similar to the command Draw Profile.
Shown here are 3 Fence Diagrams drawn in Real World Coordinates,
hatched by strata attribute.
- Ignore Zero Elevations:
When using the Grids from Drillholes or Intersection methods, the
surface topo will be modeled by anything on screen. Selecting this will
ignore anything that has an elevation. This is recommended unless the
mine is near sea-level.
- Fence Extraction Method: The
Grids from Drillholes method creates a
grid model of each strata found in the drillholes "on-the-fly". The
program will prompt for the modeling method to use (ie
Triangulation or Inverse Distance). These modeling methods are
described in the command Make Strata Grid Files for more details. The
Pre-Calculated Grids option will use a pre-defined PreCalc file that
contains grids and seam names. The PreCalc is made under
Drillhole-Define PreCalc Grids. The Intersection method triangulates
the drillholes and then finds the intersection
of the triangulation mesh and the polyline. In order to obtain data for
the strata with the
intersection method, the polyline must have at least one drillhole on
each side. It is the only way to see a fault in a fence diagram when
using the drillholes. Grids from Drillholes does not honor fault lines.
- Horizontal Scale: This is
the horizontal scale that will be used to draw the fence diagram. It
usually matches the horizontal scale of the drawing.
- Vertical Scale: This is
the vertical scale that will be used to draw the fence
diagram. It usually matches the vertical scale of the drawing. If it is
the same as the horizontal scale, the fence will be drawn at a 1:1,
with no vertical exaggeration. To get a 2X vertical exaggeration, the
vertical scale must be 1/2 of the horizontal scale such as 50H/25V. The
same drawing distance represents 50
horizontally and 25 vertically. So it must be twice as tall vertically
to equal 50.
- Horizontal Axis Grid Interval:
This is how often a grid line and tick mark will appear horizontally
along the X-axis.
- Vertical Axis Grid Interval:
This is how often a grid line and tick mark will appear vertically
along the Y-axis.
- Horizontal Axis Text Interval:
This is how often a text label will be drawn on the fence diagram axis.
It does not have to match the Grid Interval, but it can.
- Vertical Axis Text Interval: This
is how often a text label will be drawn on the fence diagram axis.
It does not have to match the Grid Interval, but it can.
- Starting Station: This is
the station that is labeled at the beginning of the fence diagram
horizontal X-axis grid. By default it is set to 0.
- Axis Text Size Scaler:
This is the scaler that is multiplied by the horizontal scale to
determine the text size. It applies to both the X and Y axis.
- Grid Ticks Only: This
option will just draw tick marks at the set
grid interval for both horizontal and vertical axis.
- Draw Plan View: The Draw
Plan View option will graph the drillhole locations above the fence
diagram. For this
graph, each drillhole is projected onto the baseline polyline to find
the station and offset of the
drillhole.
- Plan Vertical Scale: This
is the scale factor for the Plan View drawn above the fence diagram. It
is separate, so that the text and drillholes drawn can be differenct
then the fence diagram scale settings if desired.
- Station by another reference
centerline: This option will station the horizontal X-axis by a
predifined centerline CL file. The centerline file will be prompted for
during the routine.
- Draw Surface Polyline: This
option will draw a new polyline along the surface of the fence diagram.
It is required if the fence diagram has a pit in it. The surface
polyline will not be continuous across the entire fence if there is a
pit, as it is broken by outcropping seams. Routines such as Cut and
Place run on Fence Diagrams require the surface polyline extends across
the pit, so it has a place to spoil. The other, broken surface
polylines can be erased if the continuous one is used.
- Label Northing-Easting:
This option labels the Northing and Easting coordinates along the
bottom of the fence diagram at every vertice on the fence line that is
drawn in plan view. An example is shown below.
- Layer Settings: Layers
of fence diagram
polylines contains 3 options for drawing the polylines
layers. The first one, Layer by Strata Name, will create a layer
for each strata name found in the drillholes or PreCalc. The second
option, NonKey on Same Layer, will draw the Key strata and layerize
them by strata name. All of the NonKey strata will be drawn on the
Fence layer, or any user defined layer in the dialog box. The
last option,
All on Same Layer, will draw all the polylines on the defined layer
"Fence" that appears in the dialog, or any user defined layer.
There are separate layers for the Pit Label layer, the Surface
Polyline, the Grid Lines and the Grid Text layers.
- Label Pit Lines with Tick Mark:
When the Label Pit Polylines with Tick Mark option is on, the program
will prompt you to select polylines with attached pit/site names. These
pit names will be labeled with a tick mark and labeled along the bottom
of the fence diagram grid at the position where the fence plan view
polyline crosses the pit polylines. This is useful for dragline design
commands such as Cut and Place.
- Hatch Fence: Turn this option on to hatch the strata
in the fence, otherwise leave it off to just draw polylines. The strata
hatch patterns are defined in the Define Strata command. If
this is selected, then the hatch patterns defined there will be used.
If a strata exists that is not defined, it will use the default hatch
in Pattern Name.
- Pattern Name: The default
hatch pattern is used if there is no pattern defined for
that strata. This can be mdst or SOLID, for example.
- Scaler: This is the
scale factor that is applied to the hatch pattern in the Fence diagram.
A factor of 1.00 here will use the default hatch pattern scale factor
set with Drawing Setup.
- Rotate: The Rotate
option for hatching rotates the hatch pattern to best fit the angle of
the strata. A hatch pattern can
have only one rotation, so rotating will not be effective for a strata
with multiple rotations. There is also the Azimuth option in the Define
Strata command to rotate the hatch.
- Clip Intersecting Strata:
This option is useful to check for crossing grid files. It is ON by
default. Turning the option off will draw the polylines as they are in
the grids or modeled from the drillholes. It is only active if the
hatch option is turned off, and the fence is just drawn as polylines.
Shown below is an example of the crossing polylines in a Fence Diagram.
This means the grids or modeling might be suspect and should be cleaned
up.
- Draw Key Strata Only: This
option will draw and hatch just the Key strata on the fence diagram.
The Non-Key intervals found in between the Key will be left as empty
gaps.
- Max Drillhole Offset from Line:
A maximum distance offset from the baseline polyline can be specified
to filter out drillholes
beyond the area of interest.
- Hatch Key Strata Only:
This option will just hatch inside the Key strata that are drawn. The
NonKey strata will be just polylines, with no hatch inside. Shown here
is an example that has just the Key strata hatched, but also the limit
lines are used to define the breaks between the splitting seams. Notice
the nice, veritcal contact from a full seam to a split seam.
- Hatch By Block Model:
This option will hatch the seams using the GPF Grade Parameter File and
the Block Model BLK files. A legend of the grades can be drawn
also in the Define Grade Parameter screen. This is a great option to
use to show the changing quality not only horizontally, but also
verticallly in the geology.
- Hatch By Strata Attribute:
This option is similar to Hatch by Block Model, except there is no
Grade Parameter File required. It will look at look at the quality
attributes found in the PreCalc, or in the drillholes, and bring up a
list. Select an attribute to hatch by. Then a color pallette will
appear, allowing to set the colors and ranges of the different "zones".
This will just change the hatch horizontally across the strata, not
vertically as the Block Model does. Shown below is an example of coal
seams colored by BTU.
- Draw Legend: Use
the Draw Legend option to make a legend of the strata hatch
patterns and colors. There will be a prompt to pick the location to
draw the legend.
- Legend Scale: This is the
scale factor to size the legend.
- Bottom Hatch Scaler: This
is the scale factor to use for the strata that appears at the very
bottom of the fence diagram. If using a solid, then no scale is
applied, but any other hatch pattern will use a scale factor.
- Load/Save: All of the
switches and settings can be saved and loaded with these buttons. It
creates a FEN file containing all of the settings.
Prompts
Fence Diagram Settings dialog box
Select polyline to pull fence diagram from:
pick the polyline
Select surface entities & at least 3 drillholes.
Select objects: Select the drillhole symbols and surface
entities. Surface entities can include points, lines, and
polylines.
Reading points ... 139
Reading drillholes ...
Choose modeling method (<Triangulation>/Inverse
dist/Kriging/Polynomial/LeastSq)? Press Enter
Pick the lower left corner for the fence diagram:
pick a point in a clear area of the drawing
Drop-Down Menu Location: under StrataCalc
Keyboard Command: fence
Files: fence.lsp, makegrid.arx, corehole.dcl